Userspace

Most users find themselves in a ring known as the userspace. It exists at a level higher than the kernel, and is often where robust, interactive and bespoke applications are found.

• 1977: The Programmer's Workbench
  • by Ted A. Dolotta, Richard C. Haight and John R. Mashey
• 1978: The UNIX Operating System as a Base for Applications
  • by Gottfried W.R. Luderer, Joe F. Maranzano and Berk A. Tague